On November 8, 2023, during the first Session of the 118th Congress, Democrat Senator Martin Heinrich of New Mexico (D-NM) introduced S.3231 in the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. This bill enabled the people of Puerto Rico to choose a permanent, nonterritorial, fully self-governing political status for Puerto Rico and to provide for a transition to and the implementation of that permanent, nonterritorial, fully self-governing political status. The three territorial options included in this bill are Statehood, Independence, and Sovereignty in Free Association.
On August 25, 2020, during the 2nd Session of the 116th Congress, Democrat Representative Nydia M. Velazquez from New York (D-NY) introduced H.R. 8113 in the House Committee on Natural Resources. This bill recognized the right of the people of Puerto Rico to call a status convention through which the people would exercise their natural right to self-determination, and to establish a mechanism for congressional consideration of such decision.
On March 15, 2006, during the 2nd Session of the 109th Congress, Republican John Duncan Jr. of Tennessee (R-TN) introduced H.R. 4963 (accompanied by S. 2304 in the Senate) in the House Committee on Resources. This bill recognized the right of self-determination of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico to organize a constitutional convention to resolve the future political status of Puerto Rico.
On April 26, 2006, during the 2nd Session of the 190th Congress, Republican Senator Mel Martinez of Florida (R-FL) introduced S. 2661 in the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. This bill provided for a plebiscite in Puerto Rico on the status of Puerto Rico.
On May 15, 2013, during the 1st Session of the 113th Congress, Democrat and New Progressive Party Resident Commissioner Pedro R. Pierluisi of Puerto Rico (D/PNP-PR) introduced H.R. 2000 (accompanied by S. 2020 in the Senate) in the House Committee on Natural Resources. This status bill set forth a process for Puerto Rico to be admitted as a state of the Union.
On February 12, 2014, during the 2nd Session of the 113th Congress, Democrat Senator Martin Heinrich from New Mexico (D-NM) introduced S. 2020 (accompanied by S. 2000 in the House) in the House Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. This status bill set forth a process for Puerto Rico to be admitted as a state of the Union.
On February 4, 2015, during the 1st Session of the 114th Congress, Democrat and New Progressive Party Resident Commissioner Pedro R. Pierluisi of Puerto Rico (D/PNP-PR) introduced H.R. 727 in the House Committee on Natural Resources. This status bill set forth a process for Puerto Rico to be admitted as a state of the Union.
On February 7, 2017, during the 1st Session of the 115th Congress, Democrat Representative Luis V. Gutiérrez of Illinois (D-IL) introduced H.R. 900 in the House Committee on Natural Resources. This bill recognized Puerto Rico’s sovereign nationhood either under independence or free association and provided a transition process.
On March 28, 2019, during the 1st Session of the 116th Congress, Democrat Representative Darren Soto from Florida (D-FL) introduced H.R. 1965 in the House Committee on Natural Resources. This status bill set forth the terms for the admission of the territory of Puerto Rico as a state of the Union.
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