On March 31, 1987, during the 1st Session of the 100th Congress, Democrat Representative Roland V. Dellums of California (D-CA) introduced H.J.Res. 218 in the House Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. The resolution affirmed the right to self-determination and the decolonization of Puerto Rico.
On October January 9, 1989, during the 1st Session of the 91st Congress, Democrat Representative Adam C. Powell Jr. of New York (R-NY) introduced H.R. 2699 in the House Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. This status bill sought to provide the admission of Puerto Rico into the Union, on an equal footing with the original states.
On January 10, 1945, during the 1st Session of the 79th Congress, Democrat Senator Millard E. Tydings of Maryland (D-MD) introduced S. 227 in the Senate from the Committee on Territories and Insular Affairs. This status bill provided for the U.S. withdrawal from Puerto Rico and the recognition of its independence.
On January 9, 1959, during the 1st Session of the 86th Congress, Democrat Representative Morgan M. Moulder of Missouri (D-MO) introduced H.R. 1868 in the House Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. This status bill granted independence to Puerto Rico.
On November 8, 2023, during the first Session of the 118th Congress, Democrat Senator Martin Heinrich of New Mexico (D-NM) introduced S.3231 in the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. This bill enabled the people of Puerto Rico to choose a permanent, nonterritorial, fully self-governing political status for Puerto Rico and to provide for a transition to and the implementation of that permanent, nonterritorial, fully self-governing political status. The three territorial options included in this bill are Statehood, Independence, and Sovereignty in Free Association.
During the 1st Session of the 66th Congress, on July 10, 1919, Republican Representative Leonidas C. Dyer of Missouri (R-MO) introduced H.J.Res.144 in the House Committee on Insular Affairs. This resolution provided for an advisory plebiscite to resolve Puerto Rico’s political status.
During the 1st Session of the 76th Congress, on July 11, 1939, Democrat Senator Edward R. Burke of Nebraska (D-NE) introduced S. 2780 in the Senate Committee on Territories and Insular Affairs. This bill accompanied H.R. 6986 in the House. This was a status bill calling for the admission of Puerto Rico into the Union on an equal footing with the states.
On October 26, 1989, during the 1st Session of the 101st Congress, Republican Representative Robert J. Lagomarsino (R-CA) introduced H.R. 3536 in the Senate Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. This legislation authorized an island wide plebiscitary vote on multiple status options for Puerto Rico.
On February 27, 1997, during the 1st Session of the 105th Congress, Republican Representative Don E. Young of Alaska (R-AK) introduced H.R. 856 in the House Committee on Rules. This plebiscitary legislation provided for a status plebiscite that would lead to the full self-government of Puerto Rico under one of multiple status options.
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